discourses at the end of Job, he refers to them as a “revelation.” Then he maintains, “Through this pushing of poetic expression toward its own upper limits, the concluding speech helps us see the panorama of creation, as perhaps we could do only through poetry, with the eyes of God.”16 We should be cautious not to label Alter as one who uses this theory exclusively throughout his book, but here it is evident. Third, goal-oriented theories move beyond imitation to focus on the rhetorical effect of